The article presents an anthropological problematization of the celebrations of indigenous church anniversaries in the Argentinean Chaco. It analyzes the ways in which processes of cultural change converge and performances social reputation and ethno-religious belonging. The study observes these celebrations as native cultural institutions transformed in their historical path and dynamizing forms of sociability, collective effervescence, competition and management of spiritual and/or political power. The study underlines the contemporary vitality of the anniversaries in the key of performances political and aesthetic to reflect on its disruptive and instituting dimensions.

Drawing on several of the ideas contained in David Lehmann's text "Beyond Decoloniality: A Discussion of Some Key Concepts" (2023), in this paper I propose a different way of understanding the relationship between indigenous mobilization in Latin America in recent decades, decolonial studies and other forms of what I call "the colonial framework". The central argument develops around indigenous mobilization, which I see as changing and in a process of complexification, in which relations to ideas of decolonization are evident, but not the only ones informing its political action. By taking these two elements into account, the relationship between mobilization, decolonization and democracy is understood in a different way and with different consequences than those proposed by Lehmann.